Lesson 19: 6/8 Time Signature
  • Understand 6/8 time (compound duple meter)
  • Feel the difference between 6/8 and 3/4 time
  • Master the "lilting" rhythm of 6/8
  • Play jigs, folk songs, and classical pieces in 6/8

Introduction

6/8 time is one of music's most delightful meters! Despite having "6" in the time signature, it usually feels like two big beats per measure, each divided into three. This creates a flowing, lilting feel perfect for jigs, barcarolles, and many folk songs.

Understanding 6/8 Time

Time Signature: 6/8

  • Top number (6): Six eighth notes per measure
  • Bottom number (8): Eighth note gets one count
  • BUT: Usually felt in TWO main beats (not six!)
  • Each main beat divides into THREE eighth notes

Count: "1-2-3, 4-5-6" or "ONE-two-three, TWO-two-three" (emphasis on 1 and 4)

6/8 vs. 3/4: What's the Difference?

Both have similar note patterns, but they feel different!

3/4 Time 6/8 Time
Three beats per measure Two beats per measure (in threes)
Quarter note gets the beat Dotted quarter gets the beat
Waltz feel: 1-2-3 Jig feel: 1-2-3, 4-5-6
Simple meter (beats divide in 2) Compound meter (beats divide in 3)

Six eighth notes—but feel TWO main beats. Count: "ONE-two-three, TWO-two-three"

Emphasis: First G and first A are strongest

Dotted quarters fill half a measure (3 eighth notes worth).

Count: "ONE-two-three, TWO-two-three" (one note per beat group)

The "Lilting" Rhythm

6/8 creates a distinctive rolling, lilting quality used in:

  • Jigs - Fast Irish dance music
  • Barcarolles - Venetian gondola songs
  • Sicilianos - Pastoral Baroque dances
  • Folk songs - "Greensleeves," "House of the Rising Sun"

A flowing melody emphasizing the two-beat feel.

Two groups of three eighths, then a dotted quarter (rest of measure implied)

Irish Jig: The Kesh Jig

One of the most famous Irish jigs!

Count: "1-2-3, 4-5-6" for each measure. Keep it bouncy and light!

Common Rhythm Patterns in 6/8

Three eighths + two eighths + one eighth = 6 total

Feel: LONG-short-short (1-2-3, 4-5, 6)

Two groups of three eighth notes (most common)

Feel: 1-2-3, 4-5-6 (balanced)

Two eighths beamed as a quarter, then one eighth (repeat twice)

Feel: 1-2, 3 / 4-5, 6 (syncopated feel)

Greensleeves in 6/8

A flowing tune in 6/8 time!

Tip: Let it flow gently—don't emphasize every eighth note!

Conducting 6/8

The conducting pattern for 6/8 is usually in TWO (not six):

  • Beat 1: Down (counts 1-2-3)
  • Beat 2: Up (counts 4-5-6)

This emphasizes the compound feel. Try conducting yourself while playing!

Slow vs. Fast 6/8

  • Slow 6/8: Each eighth note is felt individually (siciliano, lullaby)
  • Fast 6/8: Only two main beats are felt (jig, tarantella)

The tempo determines whether you "feel in 6" or "feel in 2".

Common 6/8 Mistakes

  • ❌ Counting in 6 instead of 2 - At moderate/fast tempos, feel two beats!
  • ❌ Confusing with 3/4 - Remember: 6/8 has a compound (grouped threes) feel
  • ❌ Losing the lilt - Don't play mechanically. Let it flow!
  • ❌ Rushing the eighths - Keep eighth notes even within each group

Practice Routine (25 minutes daily)

  1. Clap and count 6/8 patterns - 5 minutes
  2. Exercises 1-3 (basic 6/8 patterns) - 7 minutes
  3. Irish jig (The Kesh Jig) - 5 minutes
  4. Greensleeves in 6/8 - 5 minutes
  5. Compare 3/4 vs 6/8 on same melody - 3 minutes
Musical Context: 6/8 time became especially popular during the Baroque era (1600-1750) for pastoral dances like the siciliano and gigue. It remained important in Romantic music (1800s) for barcarolles and lyrical pieces. Today, it's essential in folk music (Irish jigs, sea shanties) and appears in pop, rock, and musical theater!
Mastery goal: Feel 6/8 time as TWO beats (each divided into three) rather than six individual beats. Play jigs and lilting melodies with appropriate rhythmic character. Distinguish clearly between 3/4 and 6/8 by their different "feels." Execute common 6/8 rhythm patterns accurately and musically.
Next: Lesson 20 - Sight-Reading Skills