Lesson 18: Chromatic Passages
  • Master all chromatic notes in your range (sharps and flats)
  • Learn fork fingerings and cross-fingerings fluently
  • Navigate chromatic scales and passages smoothly
  • Understand enharmonic equivalents (F# = Gb)

Introduction

The chromatic scale includes all twelve notes within an octave—all the white and black keys on a piano. Playing chromatically on recorder requires special fingerings and careful technique, but it unlocks expressive possibilities and prepares you for advanced repertoire.

Chromatic Notes You Know

You've already learned:

  • F# (F sharp) - Cross-fingering (Lesson 9)
  • Bb (B flat) - Fork fingering (Lesson 11)

New Chromatic Notes

C# / Db (C sharp / D flat)

Fingering: Cross-fingering (0 1 - 3 4 5 6 7)

Eb (E flat)

Fingering: Fork fingering (0 1 2 - 4 5 6 7)

G# / Ab (G sharp / A flat)

Fingering: Fork fingering (0 1 2 3 - 5 6 7)

Enharmonic Equivalents

Some notes have two names but sound the same pitch:

  • F# = Gb (F sharp = G flat)
  • C# = Db (C sharp = D flat)
  • G# = Ab (G sharp = A flat)

The name used depends on the musical context (key signature, harmonic function).

The Chromatic Scale

All twelve notes ascending by half steps:

Every possible note from low C to middle C.

13 notes total! (C appears twice: start and end)

Now descending from C5 to C4.

Chromatic Patterns and Finger Facility

Practice each chromatic pair slowly, then speed up.

Then try: G-G#, A-Bb, B-C, C-C#, etc.

Four-note chromatic patterns are common in advanced music.

This descending chromatic line creates dramatic tension!

Musical Application: Chromatic Embellishments

First, a plain diatonic (non-chromatic) melody:

Now with chromatic notes added between the main melody notes:

Notice how the chromatic notes (G#, Bb) add color and interest!

Cross-Fingering Technique

Cross-fingerings (skipping a hole) require special attention:

  • Lift fingers cleanly - Don't drag or slide
  • Minimize motion - Fingers stay close to holes
  • Firm closure - Make sure holes are fully covered or fully open
  • Practice slowly - Speed comes with accuracy

Focus on the tricky F# cross-fingering.

Challenge: Keep tone quality consistent! F# shouldn't sound weaker than G.

Keys Using Chromatic Notes

Different keys naturally include chromatic notes:

  • D major: F# and C#
  • A major: F#, C#, and G#
  • Bb major: Bb and Eb
  • Eb major: Bb, Eb, and Ab

You're fluent in D major now with both its chromatic notes!

Troubleshooting Chromatic Notes

Problem Solution
Chromatic notes sound weak or unclear Increase air support slightly, ensure holes are fully covered
Wrong pitch comes out Double-check fingering chart—chromatic fingerings are tricky!
Fingers get tangled in cross-fingerings Practice each fingering slowly in isolation first
Chromatic scale sounds uneven Normal! Some notes naturally project more. Adjust air for balance

Common Mistakes

  • Using wrong fingering - Many chromatic notes have alternate fingerings. Start with standard ones!
  • Rushing through chromatic passages - They're harder than diatonic. Practice slowly!
  • Inconsistent finger pressure - All holes must be equally sealed
  • Avoiding chromatic notes - Embrace them! They're essential for advanced playing

Practice Routine (25 minutes daily)

  1. Chromatic scale (ascending and descending) - 7 minutes
  2. Half-step pair drills (Exercise 2) - 5 minutes
  3. Cross-fingering drill (Exercise 4) - 5 minutes
  4. Chromatic embellishment exercises - 5 minutes
  5. Apply chromatic notes to songs - 3 minutes
Historical Note: Baroque recorders were built for specific keys and temperaments. Chromatic notes often required special fingerings and sounded slightly different. Modern recorders are more consistent across all twelve chromatic notes, making chromaticism easier for today's players!
Mastery goal: Play the full chromatic scale from C4 to C5 with even tone quality and accurate intonation. Execute fork fingerings and cross-fingerings fluently without hesitation. Understand enharmonic equivalents and when to use sharps vs. flats. Apply chromatic notes musically in passages and embellishments.
Next: Lesson 19 - 6/8 Time Signature